Njengengxenye ebalulekile yezitsha zokudlela zendabuko, i-tableware yokhuni iyaqhubeka nokubamba isikhundla esibalulekile endaweni yokudlela yesimanje ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele kanye nezinzuzo zemvelo. Ukusebenza kwayo kuhlanganisa izilinganiso eziningi, okuhlanganisa izakhiwo ezingokomzimba, ukuzinza kwamakhemikhali, ulwazi lomsebenzisi, nomthelela wemvelo. Okulandelayo kunikeza ukuhlaziya okuningiliziwe ngokubuka kochwepheshe.
1. Izakhiwo zePhysical and Mechanical
Izinto eziwumgogodla ze-tableware zokhuni ngokuvamile ziwukhuni oluqinile (njenge-oki ne-walnut) noma i-softwood (njenge-maple ne-cherry). Ukuminyana nokuqina kwayo kuthinta ngqo ukuqina kwayo. I-Hardwood, ngenxa yesakhiwo samaseli aminyene, inikeza amandla aphezulu okucindezela (imvamisa engu-3-4 esikalini sokuqina kwe-Mohs), eyivumela ukuthi imelane nokusebenza okuvamile njengokusika nokunyakazisa ngaphandle kokuguqulwa. Nakuba i-softwood ilula, isengozini yokuklwebheka kanye nezintuba ngaphansi kokucindezeleka isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isakhiwo se-fiber yemvelo yokhuni sinikeza izinga elilinganiselwe lokunwebeka, linciphisa ngempumelelo umthelela wamaconsi futhi linciphise ingozi yokuphuka. Kodwa-ke, izitsha zetafula zokhuni zine-thermal conductivity engalungile (cishe u-0.1-0.2 W/m·K). Nakuba lokhu kungavimbela ukudla okushisayo ekushiseni, kungabangela ama-microcracks uma kusetshenziswa nokudla okubanda kakhulu noma okushisayo ngenxa yokwanda nokuncipha kokushisa.
2. Ukuzinza Kwamakhemikhali Nokuphepha
Ukhuni aluyona{0}}insimbi futhi alinawo amapulasitiki. Ayichaphazeli kangako ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ngokudla okune-asidi noma okune-alkaline, ngaleyo ndlela igwema ukuvuza kwe-ion yensimbi okungenzeka nge-tableware yensimbi (isb., i-aluminium tableware ikhipha ama-ion e-aluminium lapho evezwe ekudleni okune-acidic). Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-porosity yezinkuni yenza kube lula ukumuncwa amafutha kanye ne-pigment. Ukuxhumana isikhathi eside nezinongo ezimnyama-ezifana nesoso yesoya kanye nekhari) kungabangela ukubola kwendawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukhuni olungaphathwa ngendlela efanele lungase luqukathe amanani omkhondo wamakhompiyutha e-phenolic noma ama-microorganisms. Ngakho-ke, abakhiqizi abahlonishwayo bavamise ukusebenzisa ukwelapha okungaphezulu okufana{9}}nokushisa okuphezulu kwekhabhoni, okugcotshwa ngokudla-njengama-wax ebanga (njengengcina yezinyosi namafutha esundu), noma opende{11}abasuselwe emanzini,{12}}abanobungane ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana namagciwane kanye nokungangeni.
3. Ulwazi lomsebenzisi kanye nokusebenza
I-tableware yokhuni inokuthinta okuthambile kanye ne-coefficient ye-friction emaphakathi, okwenza ifanele izingane kanye nabantu abadala. Ukuthungwa kwendawo kungathuthukisa ukunamathela phakathi kokudla nezinto zetafula. Isibonelo, ukwakheka kwe-concave kanye ne-convex yesipuni sokhuni kwenza kube lula ukukha irayisi noma isobho. Nokho, ukumuncwa kwamanzi okhuni kuyisici esikhulu. Ukucwiliswa emanzini isikhathi eside kungabangela ukugcwala kwangaphakathi, okuholela ekuvuvukeni, ekuguquguqukeni, nasekukhuleni kwesikhunta. Idatha yokuhlola ibonisa ukuthi i-tableware yokhuni oluqinile olungangenwa amanzi lungakhula ngo-5% -8% ngemva kokucwiliswa emanzini ngaphezu kwemizuzu engama-30. Ngakho-ke, kufanele yomiswe ngokushesha ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke futhi akufanele ishiywe oketshezini isikhathi eside.
4. Izimfuneko Zokuguquguquka Kwezemvelo kanye Nezokunakekelwa
I-tableware yokhuni iyazwela ekushintshashintsheni kwezinga lokushisa nomswakama. Ijwayele ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kanye nokuqhekeka ezindaweni ezomile, kuyilapho isikhunta singakhula ezindaweni ezinomswakama. Kunconywa ukuthi ugcine endaweni epholile,{2}}enomoya omuhle futhi usebenzise amafutha amaminerali njalo ukuze ugcine umswakama olinganiselayo (okungcono u-8% -12%). Gwema ukusebenzisa uboya bensimbi noma okokuhlanza okuqinile kwe-alkaline lapho uhlanza ukuze uvimbele ukulimala kongqimba oluvikelayo olungaphezulu. Uma zinakekelwa kahle, izitsha zetafula zokhuni zingahlala iminyaka eminingana noma ngisho nangaphezulu futhi zizolulaza ngokwemvelo ngemva kokulahlwa, ngaleyo ndlela zamukele izimiso ezisimeme zemvelo.
Isiphetho
Ukusebenza okuphelele kwezitsha zetafula zokhuni kufaka ibhalansi ethambile phakathi kwezinto zemvelo nezidingo zabantu. Naphezu kokulinganiselwa kokuqina nokumelana namanzi, ukukhethwa kwezinto zesayensi nezindlela zokwelashwa kwendawo kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwayo. Esimweni sokuphishekela ukudla okunempilo nokongiwa kwemvelo, ukwenza kahle ukusebenza kwezitsha zokhuni kusalokhu kugxilwe kakhulu ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwempahla yasekhaya.